Edward E Cohen

	Company	# of Roles
	Atlas Air Worldwide Holdings Inc	35
	Atlas Energy Resources LLC	23
	Resource Capital Corp	19
	Resource America Inc	17
	ARKHAN Corp	16
	Atlas Energy LP	16
	Atlas Pipeline Partners LP	10
	Trm Corp	9
	RAIT Financial Trust	9
	Atlas Pipeline Holdings GP LLC	8
	JeffBanks	7
	Edward E Cohen	6
	Atlas America	6
	Atlas Pipeline Partners GP	5
	State National Bancshares Inc	5
	Atlas Energy Management	5
	Jefferson Bank	5
	Gp LLC	5
	Atlas Pipeline Mid Continent LLC	5
	Atlas Pipeline Holdings GP	4
	Atlas Resource Partners LP	4
	Atlas Energy Management Inc	4
	Atlas Energy GP LLC	4
	Pipeline Partners GP LLC	4
	ATLS	3
	Bryn Mawr Resources Inc	3
	Gp	3
	Energy Management LLC	3
	Brandywine Construction & Management Inc	3
	Fidelity Leasing Inc	3
	Richardson Co	2
	Atlas Energy Management LLC	2
	University of Pennsylvania	2
	Princeton University	2
	Wachovia Bank	2
	Jonathan Cohen	2
	Atlas Pipeline	2
	Atlas Energy Resources	2
	ATN	2
	First Union Bank	2
	D Gideon Cohen	1
	Betsy Z Cohen	1
	Energy Management Inc	1
	Edward E Cohen	1
	BCMI	1
	LEAF Financial	1
	Edward E Cohen	1
	Atlas Pipeline Partners	1
	ReadyCash GP Inc	1
	Atlas Pipeline Holdings	1
	Executive Committee & Member of the Nominating Committee	1
	General Partner 2009	1
	APL	1
	Chevron Corp	1
	Resource Financial Institutions Group	1
	CASTINE PARTNERS LP	1

Board Member

CHAIRMAN at Richardson Co
From: 1-1999
CHAIRMAN at Atlas Pipeline Partners GP
Managing Board From: 1-1999 To: 1-2009
VICE-CHAIRMAN at Atlas Pipeline Partners GP
Managing Board
CHAIRMAN at Atlas Energy Management LLC
From: 1-2006
VICE-CHAIRMAN at Atlas Pipeline Holdings GP
From: 1-2006
VICE-CHAIRMAN at Atlas Pipeline Holdings GP
formation From: 1-2006
Director of the Board at Atlas Resource Partners LP
From: 2-2012
CHAIRMAN at Atlas Resource Partners LP
From: 5-2012
CHAIRMAN at Atlas Air Worldwide Holdings Inc
CHAIRMAN at Atlas Air Worldwide Holdings Inc
Pipeline Holdings From: 1-2006
CHAIRMAN at Atlas Pipeline Partners LP
From: 1-2000
DIRECTOR at Atlas Pipeline Partners LP
From: 1-1999
CHAIRMAN at Atlas Pipeline Partners LP
Managing Board From: 1-1999
DIRECTOR at BCMI
CHAIRMAN at Resource Capital Corp
CHAIRMAN at ARKHAN Corp
DIRECTOR at Resource Capital Corp
From: 1-2003
MANAGING BOARD MEMBER at Pipeline Partners GP LLC
From: 1-1999
VICE-CHAIRMAN at Atlas America
From: 12-2006
CHAIRMAN at Resource Capital Corp
From: 3-2005
VICE-CHAIRMAN at Atlas Energy Resources LLC
From: 6-2006
CHAIRMAN at Atlas America
From: 1-1998
CHAIRMAN at Resource America Inc
Board From: 1-1990
CHAIRMAN at Gp LLC
Pipeline Holdings From: 1-2006
VICE-CHAIRMAN at Resource Capital Corp
From: 1-2003
DIRECTOR at Atlas Energy LP
From: 1-2006
DIRECTOR at Resource America Inc
From: 1-1988
DIRECTOR at Atlas Pipeline Mid Continent LLC
From: 2-2012
CHAIRMAN at Gp LLC
CHAIRMAN at Resource America Inc
From: 1-1990
CHAIRMAN at Atlas Energy Management Inc
From: 7-2009
CHAIRMAN at Atlas Energy Management
From: 1-2006
CHAIRMAN at Bryn Mawr Resources Inc
CHAIRMAN at General Partner 2009
From: 4-2009
CHAIRMAN at Energy Management LLC
From: 1-2006
DIRECTOR at Bryn Mawr Resources Inc
VICE-CHAIRMAN at Atlas Pipeline Holdings GP LLC
From: 1-2006
DIRECTOR at Brandywine Construction & Management Inc
DIRECTOR at Atlas Energy Resources LLC
From: 1-2006
CHAIRMAN at Brandywine Construction & Management Inc
From: 1-1994
CHAIRMAN at Atlas Energy GP LLC
From: 1-2006
CHAIRMAN at Brandywine Construction & Management Inc
From: 1-1994
CHAIRMAN at Atlas Pipeline Mid Continent LLC
CHAIRMAN at ATN
DIRECTOR at Atlas Pipeline Holdings GP LLC
MANAGING BOARD MEMBER at Atlas Energy Resources LLC
From: 1-1999
MEMBER OF EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE at Atlas Energy LP

Executive

EXECUTIVE at JeffBanks
From: 1-1981
GENERAL PARTNER at ATLS
From: 2-2011
VICE-CHAIRMAN at Atlas Pipeline Partners GP
Managing Board From: 12-2006
DIRECTOR at Bryn Mawr Resources Inc
BCMI
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER at Atlas Energy Management LLC
From: 1-2006
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER at Atlas Pipeline Holdings GP
PRESIDENT at Atlas Pipeline Holdings GP
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER at Atlas Resource Partners LP
From: 5-2012
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER at Atlas Air Worldwide Holdings Inc
Energy Resources From: 6-2006
CHAIRMAN at Atlas Air Worldwide Holdings Inc
Energy From: 6-2006
PRESIDENT at Atlas Air Worldwide Holdings Inc
Energy From: 2-2011
VICE-CHAIRMAN at Atlas Air Worldwide Holdings Inc
Pipeline Holdings From: 1-2006
VICE-CHAIRMAN at Atlas Air Worldwide Holdings Inc
Energy From: 6-2006
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER at Atlas Air Worldwide Holdings Inc
Energy From: 6-2006
VICE-CHAIRMAN at Atlas Air Worldwide Holdings Inc
Energy Management From: 6-2006
VICE-CHAIRMAN at Atlas Air Worldwide Holdings Inc
Energy Resources From: 6-2006
VICE-CHAIRMAN at Atlas Air Worldwide Holdings Inc
managing board
CHAIRMAN at Atlas Air Worldwide Holdings Inc
Pipeline Holdings From: 1-2006
VICE-CHAIRMAN at Atlas Air Worldwide Holdings Inc
Holdings From: 12-2008
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER at Atlas Air Worldwide Holdings Inc
Energy Inc
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER at Atlas Air Worldwide Holdings Inc
Holdings From: 1-2006
CHAIRMAN at Atlas Air Worldwide Holdings Inc
managing
PRESIDENT at Atlas Air Worldwide Holdings Inc
Holdings
DIRECTOR at Atlas Air Worldwide Holdings Inc
Energy Management Inc From: 1-2006
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER at Atlas Air Worldwide Holdings Inc
Holdings
CHAIRMAN at Atlas Air Worldwide Holdings Inc
Energy Resources From: 6-2006
PRESIDENT at Atlas Pipeline Partners LP
CHAIRMAN at Atlas Pipeline Partners LP
Managing Board From: 1-1990
CHAIRMAN at Atlas Pipeline
Managing Board
PRESIDENT at Gp
Holdings From: 2-2011
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER at Atlas Energy Management Inc
From: 7-2009
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER at ARKHAN Corp
PARTNER at Atlas Energy LP
From: 1-2006
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER at Atlas Energy GP LLC
From: 2-2011
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER at Atlas Energy Management
From: 1-2006
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER at Atlas Energy Resources LLC
Energy Management Inc From: 1-2006
PRESIDENT at Atlas America
From: 1-2000
SENIOR OFFICER at Resource America Inc
From: 1-1998
CHAIRMAN at Atlas Energy Management
formation From: 1-2006
CHAIRMAN at Gp LLC
Pipeline Holdings From: 1-2006
VICE-CHAIRMAN at Atlas Pipeline Holdings GP LLC
formation From: 1-2006
CHAIRMAN at RAIT Financial Trust
VICE-CHAIRMAN at Atlas Energy Resources LLC
Managing Board From: 1-1999
CHAIRMAN at Resource America Inc
CHAIRMAN at Pipeline Partners GP LLC
managing board From: 6-1998
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER at Gp LLC
Holdings
EXECUTIVE at Resource Capital Corp
From: 1-2005
CHAIRMAN at Atlas Pipeline Mid Continent LLC
managing board From: 1-1999
CHAIRMAN at Resource Capital Corp
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER at Atlas Pipeline Partners
From: 1-1999 To: 1-2009
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER at Atlas Pipeline Holdings
From: 1-2006 To: 2-2009
CHAIRMAN at Atlas Air Worldwide Holdings Inc
Holdings From: 1-2006
CHAIRMAN at Gp
managing board
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER at ATN
Inc at Resource Capital Corp
From: 1-2005
PRESIDENT at Gp LLC
Energy From: 2-2011
CHAIRMAN at Atlas Pipeline Holdings GP LLC
Energy
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER at ARKHAN Corp
From: 1-1999
CHAIRMAN at Atlas Pipeline Holdings GP LLC
formation From: 1-2006
PRESIDENT at Atlas Energy GP LLC
From: 2-2011
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER at Atlas Energy Resources LLC
Chairman of the Board of Atlas Energy Management From: 1-2006
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER at RAIT Financial Trust
From: 3-2008
DIRECTOR at Resource Capital Corp
formation From: 1-2005
VICE-CHAIRMAN at Atlas Energy Resources LLC
managing From: 1-2006
CHAIRMAN at Atlas America
formation From: 1-2000
MANAGER at Resource Capital Corp
From: 1-2005
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER at Atlas America
From: 1-2000
CHAIRMAN at Atlas Energy Resources LLC
managing From: 1-1999 To: 1-2009
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER at Pipeline Partners GP LLC
From: 1-1999
DIRECTOR at Atlas Energy Resources LLC
Energy Management Inc From: 1-2006
EXECUTIVE at Atlas Energy Resources LLC
From: 1-2006
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER at Energy Management LLC
From: 1-2006
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER at Atlas Energy Management
formation From: 1-2006
PRESIDENT at Atlas Energy LP
From: 1-2006
EXECUTIVE at Fidelity Leasing Inc
From: 1-2001

Business Connection

Affiliated with Edward E Cohen
From: 8-2010
Affiliated with JeffBanks
From: 10-1996
GENERAL PARTNER at ATLS
From: 2-2011
Affiliated with Atlas Pipeline Partners GP
From: 5-2004
Affiliated with Atlas Air Worldwide Holdings Inc
From: 11-1999
GENERAL PARTNER at Atlas Pipeline Partners LP
From: 1-1999
Affiliated with Atlas Pipeline
From: 1-2003
Affiliated with State National Bancshares Inc
From: 1-1969
Affiliated with ARKHAN Corp
From: 5-2004
Affiliated with Atlas Pipeline Holdings GP LLC
From: 7-2006
Affiliated with Atlas Energy Resources LLC
From: 7-2006
Affiliated with Atlas America
From: 7-2006
GENERAL PARTNER at Atlas Energy LP
From: 1-2006
Affiliated with ReadyCash GP Inc
From: 1-2003
Affiliated with Jefferson Bank
From: 11-2007
Affiliated with Atlas Energy GP LLC
From: 1-2012
GENERAL PARTNER at APL
From: 6-2006
Former Director at Trm Corp
From: 1-1998 To: 1-2007
Affiliated with Resource Capital Corp
From: 12-2006
Affiliated with First Union Bank
From: 1-1969
Affiliated with Resource America Inc
From: 1-1996
Affiliated with Pipeline Partners GP LLC
From: 12-2004
Affiliated with Chevron Corp
GENERAL PARTNER at Atlas Pipeline Mid Continent LLC
From: 1-1999
Former Director at Fidelity Leasing Inc
From: 1-2001
MEMBER Investment Committee at Resource Financial Institutions Group
From: 12-2009
GENERAL PARTNER at CASTINE PARTNERS LP
From: 1-2003
GENERAL PARTNER at Atlas Energy Resources LLC
From: 1-1999
Affiliated with RAIT Financial Trust
From: 6-2008

General Employment

MANAGER at Atlas Air Worldwide Holdings Inc
From: 6-2006
MANAGER at Atlas Air Worldwide Holdings Inc
Energy Management From: 6-2006
Pipeline at Atlas Air Worldwide Holdings Inc
MANAGER at Energy Management Inc
From: 6-2006
OPERATOR at Atlas Pipeline Partners LP
From: 2-2012
Resource America Inc Manager at Resource Capital Corp
Affiliated with Atlas Energy Resources LLC
From: 4-2009
Affiliated with Resource Capital Corp
MANAGER at Atlas Energy Resources LLC
From: 1-2006
Affiliated with Resource Capital Corp
From: 5-2010 To: 11-2009
Affiliated with ARKHAN Corp
From: 5-2010
MANAGER at Resource Capital Corp
MANAGER at Atlas Energy Management Inc
From: 6-2006
MANAGER at Atlas Air Worldwide Holdings Inc
Energy Management Inc From: 6-2006
Affiliated with Resource America Inc
From: 1-1990
MANAGER at Atlas Energy Management
From: 6-2006
MANAGER at Energy Management LLC
Atlas Energy Resources From: 1-2006
OPERATOR at Atlas Energy LP
OPERATOR at ARKHAN Corp

Family Relation

son at Edward E Cohen
father at Jonathan Z Cohen
son at Edward E Cohen
father at Jonathan Z Cohen
father at Jonathan Z Cohen
father at D Gideon Cohen
spouse at Betsy Z Cohen
wife at Edward E Cohen
father at Jonathan Cohen
father at Jonathan Cohen
son at Edward E Cohen

Ownership

Beneficial Ownership of Securities at Atlas Resource Partners LP
From: 2-2012
Beneficial Ownership of Securities at Atlas Pipeline Partners LP
From: 3-2008
Beneficial Ownership of Securities at Resource America Inc
Beneficial Ownership of Securities at Atlas Energy Resources LLC
Beneficial Ownership of Securities at Resource Capital Corp
From: 7-2006
Beneficial Ownership of Securities at ARKHAN Corp
From: 5-2008
Beneficial Ownership of Securities at Trm Corp
From: 1-2003
Beneficial Ownership of Securities at Atlas Energy LP
From: 11-2006

Board Member

Director at JeffBanks
From: 1-1981 (Past)
DIRECTOR at JeffBanks
CHAIRMAN Executive Committee From: 1-1981 To: 1-1999 (Past)
CHAIRMAN OF THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE at JeffBanks
From: 1-1981 To: 1-1999 (Past)
DIRECTOR at Trm Corp
From: 1-1988 To: 6-2007 (Past)
DIRECTOR at Trm Corp
From: 1-1998 To: 7-2007 (Past)
CHAIRMAN at Trm Corp
From: 6-1998 To: 6-2001 (Past)
CHAIRMAN at Atlas Air Worldwide Holdings Inc
Energy Management From: 6-2006 (Past)
CHAIRMAN at Atlas Air Worldwide Holdings Inc
From: 1-2006 (Past)
MANAGING BOARD MEMBER at Atlas Air Worldwide Holdings Inc
From: 1-1999 (Past)
DIRECTOR at Wachovia Bank
CHAIRMAN Executive Committee From: 1-1969 To: 1-1989 (Past)
CHAIRMAN at State National Bancshares Inc
(Past)
DIRECTOR at State National Bancshares Inc
CHAIRMAN Executive Committee From: 1-1969 To: 1-1989 (Past)
CHAIRMAN OF THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE at State National Bancshares Inc
(Past)
CHAIRMAN at Atlas Energy Resources LLC
Managing Board From: 1-2009 (Past)
VICE-CHAIRMAN at ARKHAN Corp
From: 1-2000 (Past)
CHAIRMAN at Atlas Energy LP
From: 1-2006 (Past)
DIRECTOR at LEAF Financial
From: 11-2001 (Past)
DIRECTOR at Jefferson Bank
CHAIRMAN Executive Committee (Past)
CHAIRMAN at Atlas Energy Resources LLC
From: 6-2006 (Past)
CHAIRMAN at Resource America Inc
From: 9-2009 (Past)
CHAIRMAN at Atlas Energy Resources
From: 6-2006 (Past)
VICE-CHAIRMAN at RAIT Financial Trust
From: 1-2003 To: 1-2006 (Past)
DIRECTOR at Trm Corp
CHAIRMAN Executive Committee From: 6-2003 (Past)
DIRECTOR at Jefferson Bank
MEMBER Nominating Committee (Past)
CHAIRMAN at Executive Committee & Member of the Nominating Committee
(Past)
DIRECTOR at ARKHAN Corp
From: 1-1988 (Past)
CHAIRMAN at Atlas Pipeline Holdings GP LLC
From: 1-2006 To: 2-2009 (Past)
CHAIRMAN at RAIT Financial Trust
(Past)
CHAIRMAN at ARKHAN Corp
From: 1-1998 To: 2-2011 (Past)
DIRECTOR at Fidelity Leasing Inc
From: 1-2001 (Past)
CHAIRMAN at Atlas Energy Resources LLC
From: 6-2006 (Past)
CHAIRMAN at First Union Bank
(Past)
DIRECTOR at RAIT Financial Trust
(Past)
DIRECTOR at Jefferson Bank
From: 1-1981 (Past)

Executive

CHAIRMAN at Richardson Co
(Past)
DIRECTOR at JeffBanks
Jefferson Nj From: 1-1981 (Past)
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER at ATLS
From: 2-2012 To: 2-2009 (Past)
CHAIRMAN at Atlas Pipeline Partners GP
Managing Board From: 1-1999 To: 1-2009 (Past)
CHAIRMAN at Atlas Air Worldwide Holdings Inc
Energy Management From: 6-2006 (Past)
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER at Atlas Air Worldwide Holdings Inc
Energy Management From: 6-2006 (Past)
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER at Atlas Air Worldwide Holdings Inc
Pipeline From: 1-1999 To: 1-2009 (Past)
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER at Atlas Air Worldwide Holdings Inc
Pipeline Holdings From: 4-2009 To: 2-2009 (Past)
PRESIDENT at Atlas Air Worldwide Holdings Inc
From: 1-2000 To: 10-2009 (Past)
CHAIRMAN at Atlas Air Worldwide Holdings Inc
managing board From: 1-2009 (Past)
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER at Atlas Pipeline Partners LP
From: 1-1990 To: 1-2009 (Past)
GENERAL PARTNER at Atlas Pipeline Partners LP
From: 1-1999 (Past)
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER at ARKHAN Corp
Energy (Past)
PRESIDENT at ARKHAN Corp
From: 9-2000 To: 10-2009 (Past)
SECRETARY at RAIT Financial Trust
investment committee From: 1-1997 To: 1-2006 (Past)
PRESIDENT at Resource Capital Corp
From: 1-2003 (Past)
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER at Atlas Energy LP
From: 1-2006 (Past)
CHAIRMAN at Resource America Inc
Board From: 1-1990 (Past)
PRESIDENT at Resource America Inc
From: 1-2000 To: 1-2003 (Past)
SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT at Resource America Inc
From: 1-1999 To: 1-2001 (Past)
EXECUTIVE VICE PRESIDENT at Resource America Inc
From: 1-2001 To: 1-2003 (Past)
SECRETARY at Resource Capital Corp
From: 1-1997 To: 1-2006 (Past)
CHAIRMAN at Atlas Energy LP
Managing Board (Past)
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER at Atlas Energy LP
Pipeline Holdings From: 1-2006 (Past)
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER at Resource America Inc
From: 1-1988 To: 1-2004 (Past)
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER at Gp
Pipeline From: 1-1999 To: 1-2009 (Past)
CHAIRMAN at ARKHAN Corp
Managing Board From: 1-1999 (Past)
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER at Atlas Energy Resources LLC
From: 6-2006 (Past)
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER at Atlas Energy Resources LLC
From: 1-2009 (Past)
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER at Atlas Energy Resources
From: 6-2006 (Past)
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER at Atlas Pipeline Holdings GP LLC
From: 11-2009 (Past)
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER at Resource America Inc
From: 1-1988 To: 1-2004 (Past)
CHIEF OPERATING OFFICER at Resource America Inc
From: 1-2002 To: 1-2004 (Past)
CHAIRMAN at Atlas Energy Resources LLC
Managing Board From: 1-1999 To: 1-2009 (Past)
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER at Trm Corp
(Past)
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER at ARKHAN Corp
President From: 1-2000 (Past)
EXECUTIVE at Trm Corp
From: 1-1998 To: 1-2007 (Past)
SECRETARY at RAIT Financial Trust
From: 1-1997 To: 1-2006 (Past)
GENERAL PARTNER at Atlas Energy LP
From: 1-2006 To: 2-2009 (Past)
CHAIRMAN at Atlas Energy LP
General Partner From: 1-2009 (Past)
PRESIDENT at Atlas Energy Resources LLC
(Past)
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER at Resource Capital Corp
From: 1-2003 (Past)
PRESIDENT at Resource America Inc
From: 1-2000 To: 1-2003 (Past)
PRESIDENT at ARKHAN Corp
From: 1-2000 To: 10-2009 (Past)
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER at Atlas Pipeline Mid Continent LLC
From: 1-2009 (Past)
CHAIRMAN at Atlas Energy LP
Pipeline Holdings From: 1-2006 (Past)
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER at Atlas Energy LP
General Partner From: 1-2006 (Past)
CHAIRMAN at Atlas Energy Resources LLC
Energy Management Inc From: 1-2006 (Past)
DIRECTOR at Atlas Energy LP
General Partner From: 1-2006 (Past)
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER at ARKHAN Corp
sub From: 1-2000 (Past)

Business Connection

TRUSTEE at RAIT Financial Trust
From: 1-1997 (Past)
Affiliated with Wachovia Bank
From: 1-1969 To: 1-1989 (Past)

General Employment

Affiliated with JeffBanks
From: 1-1981 To: 1-1999 (Past)
Affiliated with State National Bancshares Inc
From: 1-1969 To: 1-1989 (Past)
Inc at Resource Capital Corp
From: 11-2007 To: 11-2009 (Past)
MANAGER at Atlas Energy Management Inc
From: 6-2006 (Past)
Affiliated with Trm Corp
From: 6-2002 To: 6-2001 (Past)
Affiliated with Jefferson Bank
From: 1-1976 (Past)

Education

Ph D at Princeton University
(Past)
A M at Princeton University
(Past)
Juris Doctor at University of Pennsylvania
(Past)
A B at University of Pennsylvania
(Past)

Company Affiliations

Current Affiliations

Past Affiliations